• Aaltomaa SH, Kataja VV, Räty A, Palmgren JE, Lahtinen T. Does the outcome of prostate cancer patients with large prostates differ from small prostate size in permanent seed, low dose-rate brachytherapy? Scand J Urol Nephrol. 2011 Nov;45(5):339–45.
  • Allott EH, Masko EM, Freedland SJ. Obesity and Prostate Cancer: Weighing the Evidence. Eur Urol. 2013 May;63(5):800–9.
  • Alwhaibi A, Alsanea S, Almadi B, Al-sabhan J, Alosaimi FD. Androgen deprivation therapy and depression in the prostate cancer patients: review of risk and pharmacological management. Aging Male. 2022 Dec 31;25(1):101–24.
  • Andreyev HJN, Davidson SE, Gillespie C, Allum WH, Swarbrick E. Practice guidance on the management of acute and chronic gastrointestinal problems arising as a result of treatment for cancer. Gut. 2012;61:179–92.
  • Baumann FT, Zopf EM, Bloch W. Clinical exercise interventions in prostate cancer patients: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Support Care Cancer. 2012;20(2):221–33.
  • Supplements [Internet]. [cited 2024 Aug 9]. Available from: https://www.bda.uk.com/resource/supplements.html
  • Berkey FJ. Managing the adverse effects of radiation therapy. Am Fam Physician. 2010 Aug 15;82(4):381–8, 394.
  • Blank TO, Bellizzi KM. After prostate cancer: Predictors of well-being among long-term prostate cancer survivors. Cancer. 2006 May 15;106(10):2128–35.
  • Bourke L, Homer KE, Thaha MA, Steed L, Rosario DJ, Robb KA, et al. Interventions for promoting habitual exercise in people living with and beyond cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Sep 24;
  • British Pain Society. Cancer pain management: a perspective from the British Pain Society, supported by the Association for Palliative Medicine and the Royal College of General Practitioners. London: British Pain Soc.; 2010.
  • Brookman-May SD, Campi R, Henríquez JDS, Klatte T, Langenhuijsen JF, Brausi M, et al. Latest Evidence on the Impact of Smoking, Sports, and Sexual Activity as Modifiable Lifestyle Risk Factors for Prostate Cancer Incidence, Recurrence, and Progression: A Systematic Review of the Literature by the European Association of Urology Section of Oncological Urology (ESOU). Eur Urol Focus. 2019 Sep;5(5):756–87.
  • Cabazitaxel 20 mg/ml concentrate for solution for infusion - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) - (emc) [Internet]. [cited 2024 Dec 5]. Available from: https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/15842/smpc#about-medicine
  • Casey RG, Corcoran NM, Larry Goldenberg S. Quality of life issues in men undergoing androgen deprivation therapy: a review. Asian J Androl. 2012 Mar;14(2):226–31.
  • Chen LN, Suy S, Uhm S, Oermann EK, Ju AW, Chen V, et al. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for clinically localized prostate cancer: the Georgetown University experience. Radiat Oncol Lond Engl. 2013;8:58.
  • Chowdhury E, Horrocks T, McAteer G, Gillanders D. Examining the impact of androgen deprivation therapy, masculine self-esteem, and psychological flexibility on distress and quality of life in men with prostate cancer. Psychooncology. 2024;33(1):e6277.
  • Cormie P, Zopf EM. Exercise medicine for the management of androgen deprivation therapyrelated side effects in prostate cancer. Urol Oncol Semin Orig Investig. 2020;62–70.
  • Cornford P, Tilki D, Van Den Bergh RCN, Briers E. EAU Guidelines on Prostate Cancer [Internet]. European Association of Urology; 2024 [cited 2024 May 16]. Available from: https://d56bochluxqnz.cloudfront.net/documents/full-guideline/EAU-EANM-ESTRO-ESUR-ISUP-SIOG-Guidelines-on-Prostate-Cancer-2024_2024-04-09-132035_ypmy_2024-04-16-122605_lqpk.pdf
  • Davies NJ, Batehup L, Thomas R. The role of diet and physical activity in breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer survivorship: a review of the literature. Br J Cancer. 2011 Nov 8;105:S52–73.
  • de Boer AGEM, Verbeek JHAM, Spelten ER, Uitterhoeve ALJ, Ansink AC, de Reijke TM, et al. Work ability and return-to-work in cancer patients. Br J Cancer. 2008 Mar 18;98(8):1342–7.
  • Deutsch JK, Levitt J, Hass DJ. Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders. Off J Am Coll Gastroenterol ACG. 2020 Mar;115(3):350.
  • Docetaxel 20 mg/ml concentrate for solution for infusion - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) - (emc) [Internet]. [cited 2024 Dec 5]. Available from: https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/7206/smpc
  • Dovey Z, Horowitz A, Waingankar N. The influence of lifestyle changes (diet, exercise and stress reduction) on prostate cancer tumour biology and patient outcomes: A systematic review. BJUI Compass. 2023;4(4):385–416.
  • Ervik B, Asplund K. Dealing with a troublesome body: a qualitative interview study of men’s experiences living with prostate cancer treated with endocrine therapy. Eur J Oncol Nurs Off J Eur Oncol Nurs Soc. 2012 Apr;16(2):103–8.
  • Ervik B, Nordøy T, Asplund K. In the middle and on the sideline: the experience of spouses of men with prostate cancer. Cancer Nurs. 2013 Jun;36(3):E7–14.
  • Ettridge K a., Bowden J a., Chambers S k., Smith D p., Murphy M, Evans S m., et al. “Prostate cancer is far more hidden…”: Perceptions of stigma, social isolation and help-seeking among men with prostate cancer. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl). 2018;27(2):e12790.
  • European Food Safety Authority Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies. Scientific opinion on dietary reference values for water. EFSA J. 2010;8(3).
  • Fabi A, Bhargava R, Fatigoni S, Guglielmo M, Horneber M, Roila F, et al. Cancer-related fatigue: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment†. Ann Oncol. 2020 Jun 1;31(6):713–23.
  • Fallon M, Giusti R, Aielli F, Hoskin P, Rolke R, Sharma M, et al. Management of cancer pain in adult patients: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines. Ann Oncol. 2018 Oct 1;29(Supplement_4):iv166–91.
  • Foerster B, Pozo C, Abufaraj M, Mari A, Kimura S, D’Andrea D, et al. Association of Smoking Status With Recurrence, Metastasis, and Mortality Among Patients With Localized Prostate Cancer Undergoing Prostatectomy or Radiotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Oncol [Internet]. 2018 May 24 [cited 2018 May 29]; Available from: http://oncology.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?doi=10.1001/jamaoncol.2018.1071
  • Gardner JR, Livingston PM, Fraser SF. Effects of Exercise on Treatment-Related Adverse Effects for Patients With Prostate Cancer Receiving Androgen-Deprivation Therapy: A Systematic Review. J Clin Oncol. 2014 Feb 1;32(4):335–46.
  • Giesler RB, Given B, Given CW, Rawl S, Monahan P, Burns D, et al. Improving the quality of life of patients with prostate carcinoma: A randomized trial testing the efficacy of a nurse-driven intervention. Cancer. 2005 Aug 15;104(4):752–62.
  • Goyal M, Singh S, Sibinga EMS, Gould NF, Rowland-Seymour A, Sharma R, et al. Meditation programs for psychological stress and well-being: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2014 Mar;174(3):357–68.
  • Gunlusoy B, Ceylan Y, Koskderelioglu A, Gedizlioglu M, Degirmenci T, Ortan P, et al. Cognitive Effects of Androgen Deprivation Therapy in Men With Advanced Prostate Cancer. Urology. 2017 May 1;103:167–72.
  • Henson CC, Burden S, Davidson SE, Lal S. Nutritional interventions for reducing gastrointestinal toxicity in adults undergoing radical pelvic radiotherapy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2014 Nov 18];(11). Available from: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/14651858.CD009896.pub2
  • Hori S, Butler E, McLoughlin J. Prostate cancer and diet: food for thought? BJU Int. 2011;107(9):1348–59.
  • Husson O, Mols F, Poll-Franse LV van de. The relation between information provision and health-related quality of life, anxiety and depression among cancer survivors: a systematic review. Ann Oncol. 2010 Sep 24;mdq413.
  • Islami F, Moreira DM, Boffetta P, Freedland SJ. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Tobacco Use and Prostate Cancer Mortality and Incidence in Prospective Cohort Studies. Eur Urol. 2014 Dec;66(6):1054–64.
  • Johnson EE, Mamoulakis C, Stoniute A, Omar MI, Sinha S. Conservative interventions for managing urinary incontinence after prostate surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2024 Mar 26];2023(4). Available from: https://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1002%2F14651858.cd014799.pub2
  • Kane C, Hoskin P, Bennett M. Cancer induced bone pain (clinical review). BMJ. 2015;350(h315).
  • Kang YE, Yoon JH, Park N hyun, Ahn YC, Lee EJ, Son CG. Prevalence of cancer-related fatigue based on severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2023 Aug 7;13(1):12815.
  • Keilani M, Hasenoehrl T, Baumann L, Ristl R, Schwarz M, Marhold M, et al. Effects of resistance exercise in prostate cancer patients: a meta-analysis. Support Care Cancer. 2017 Jun 10;
  • Keogh JWL, MacLeod RD. Body Composition, Physical Fitness, Functional Performance, Quality of Life, and Fatigue Benefits of Exercise for Prostate Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2012 Jan;43(1):96–110.
  • Kessels E, Husson O, van der Feltz-Cornelis CM. The effect of exercise on cancer-related fatigue in cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2018 Feb 9;14:479–94.
  • Keto CJ, Aronson WJ, Terris MK, Presti JC, Kane CJ, Amling CL, et al. Obesity is associated with castration-resistant disease and metastasis in men treated with androgen deprivation therapy after radical prostatectomy: results from the SEARCH database. BJU Int. 2011;110(4):492–8.
  • Langlais CS, Graff RE, Blarigan ELV, Palmer NR, Samuel L Washington III, Chan JM, et al. Post-Diagnostic Dietary and Lifestyle Factors and Prostate Cancer Recurrence, Progression, and Mortality. Curr Oncol Rep. 2021 Mar 10;23(3):37.
  • Langston B, Armes J, Levy A, Tidey E, Ream E. The prevalence and severity of fatigue in men with prostate cancer: a systematic review of the literature. Support Care Cancer. 2013 Jun;21(6):1761–71.
  • Larkin D, Lopez V, Aromataris E. Managing cancer-related fatigue in men with prostate cancer: A systematic review of non-pharmacological interventions. Int J Nurs Pract. 2014 Oct;20(5):549–60.
  • Lawton A, Lee K, Cheville A, Ferrone M, Rades D, Balboni T, et al. Assessment and management of patients with metastatic spinal cord compression: a multidisciplinary review. J Clin Oncol. 2018 Oct;37(1).
  • Loblaw DA, Mitera G, Ford M, Laperriere NJ. A 2011 updated systematic review and clinical practice guideline for the management of malignant extradural spinal cord compression. Int J Radiat Oncol. 2012;84(2):312–7.
  • LOPEZ P, TAAFFE DR, NEWTON RU, GALVÃO DA. Resistance Exercise Dosage in Men with Prostate Cancer: Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Meta-regression. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2021 Mar;53(3):459–69.
  • Luo R, Chen Y, Ran K, Jiang Q. Effect of obesity on the prognosis and recurrence of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy: a meta-analysis. Transl Androl Urol. 2020 Dec;9(6):2713722–2712722.
  • Luo YH, Yang YW, Wu CF, Wang C, Li WJ, Zhang HC. Fatigue prevalence in men treated for prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Clin Cases. 2021 Jul 26;9(21):5932–42.
  • Macmillan Cancer Support. Work and cancer booklet [Internet]. [cited 2024 Jul 8]. Available from: https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/stories-and-media/booklets/work-and-cancer
  • Matsushita M, Fujita K, Nonomura N. Influence of Diet and Nutrition on Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci [Internet]. 2020 Feb 20 [cited 2021 Mar 2];21(4). Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7073095/
  • Matta R, Chapple CR, Fisch M, Heidenreich A, Herschorn S, Kodama RT, et al. Pelvic Complications After Prostate Cancer Radiation Therapy and Their Management: An International Collaborative Narrative Review. Eur Urol. 2019 Mar 1;75(3):464–76.
  • Mima M, Huang JB, Andriole GL, Freedland SJ, Ohlander SJ, Moreira DM. The impact of smoking on sexual function. BJU Int. 2022;130(2):186–92.
  • Mishra SI, Scherer RW, Geigle PM, Berlanstein DR, Topaloglu O, Gotay CC, et al. Exercise interventions on health-related quality of life for cancer survivors. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;8:CD007566.
  • Mohamad H, McNeill G, Haseen F, N’Dow J, Craig LCA, Heys SD. The Effect of Dietary and Exercise Interventions on Body Weight in Prostate Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review. Nutr Cancer. 2015 Jan 2;67(1):43–60.
  • Morishita S, Hamaue Y, Fukushima T, Tanaka T, Fu JB, Nakano J. Effect of Exercise on Mortality and Recurrence in Patients With Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Integr Cancer Ther. 2020 Jan 1;19:1534735420917462.
  • Murphy R, Wassersug R, Dechman G. The role of exercise in managing the adverse effects of androgen deprivation therapy in men with prostate cancer. Phys Ther Rev. 2011 Aug 1;16(4):269–77.
  • National Institute for Clinical Excellence. Spinal metastases and metastatic spinal cord compression | Guidance | NICE [Internet]. NICE; 2023 [cited 2023 Oct 6]. Available from: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng234
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Lower urinary tract symptoms in men: management. 2010.
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Lower urinary tract symptoms in men: management. 2015;26.
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Prostate cancer: diagnosis and management [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2022 Dec 19]. Available from: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng131
  • Newby TA, Graff JN, Ganzini LK, McDonagh MS. Interventions that may reduce depressive symptoms among prostate cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychooncology. 2015 Dec;24(12):1686–93.
  • NHS Business Services Authority. How do I apply for a medical exemption certificate? [Internet]. [cited 2024 May 10]. Available from: https://faq.nhsbsa.nhs.uk/knowledgebase/article/KA-03715/en-us
  • Antidepressants [Internet]. nhs.uk. 2021 [cited 2024 Dec 3]. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/talking-therapies-medicine-treatments/medicines-and-psychiatry/antidepressants/overview/
  • Herbal medicines [Internet]. nhs.uk. 2017 [cited 2024 Oct 4]. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/herbal-medicines/
  • Physical activity [Internet]. [cited 2024 Aug 14]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/physical-activity
  • Symptoms - Depression in adults [Internet]. nhs.uk. 2021 [cited 2024 Jul 4]. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/depression-in-adults/symptoms/
  • Treatment - Depression in adults [Internet]. nhs.uk. 2021 [cited 2024 Jul 4]. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/depression-in-adults/treatment/
  • Vitamins and minerals [Internet]. nhs.uk. 2017 [cited 2024 Aug 9]. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vitamins-and-minerals/
  • Employment rights and the Disability Discrimination Act. Available from: https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/articles/employment-rights-and-disability-discrimination-act
  • O’Higgins CM, Brady B, O’Connor B, Walsh D, Reilly RB. The pathophysiology of cancer-related fatigue: current controversies. Support Care Cancer. 2018 Oct 1;26(10):3353–64.
  • Penson DF, McLerran D, Feng Z, Li L, Albertsen PC, Gilliland FD, et al. 5-year urinary and sexual outcomes after radical prostatectomy: results from the prostate cancer outcomes study. J Urol. 2005 May;173(5):1701–5.
  • Pettersson A, Johansson B, Persson C, Berglund A, Turesson I. Effects of a dietary intervention on acute gastrointestinal side effects and other aspects of health-related quality of life: A randomized controlled trial in prostate cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol. 2012 Jun;103(3):333–40.
  • Piraux E, Caty G, Renard L, Vancraeynest D, Tombal B, Geets X, et al. Effects of high-intensity interval training compared with resistance training in prostate cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy: a randomized controlled trial. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2021 Mar;24(1):156–65.
  • Prashar J, Schartau P, Murray E. Supportive care needs of men with prostate cancer: A systematic review update. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl). 2022;31(2):e13541.
  • Rackley JD, Clark PE, Hall MC. Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Advanced Prostate Cancer. Urol Clin North Am. 2006 May;33(2):237–46.
  • Ream E, Quennell A, Fincham L, Faithfull S, Khoo V, Wilson-Barnett J, et al. Supportive care needs of men living with prostate cancer in England: a survey. Br J Cancer. 2008 May 27;98(12):1903–9.
  • Reese JB. Coping with sexual concerns after cancer. Curr Opin Oncol. 2011 Jul;23(4):313–21.
  • Rivera-Izquierdo M, Pérez De Rojas J, Martínez-Ruiz V, Arrabal-Polo MÁ, Pérez-Gómez B, Jiménez-Moleón JJ. Obesity and biochemical recurrence in clinically localised prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 86,490 patients. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2022 Sep;25(3):411–21.
  • Royal College of Physicians of London, Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain), Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (Great Britain). The effects of cancer treatment on reproductive functions: guidance on management : report of a working party. Royal College of Physicians; 2007.
  • Salonia A et al. EAU Guidelines on Sexual and Reproductive Health [Internet]. 2024 [cited 2024 May 3]. Available from: https://uroweb.org/guidelines/sexual-and-reproductive-health
  • Schmitz KH, Courneya KS, Matthews C, Demark-Wahnefried W, Galvão DA, Pinto BM, et al. American College of Sports Medicine Roundtable on Exercise Guidelines for Cancer Survivors: Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2010 Jul;42(7):1409–26.
  • Schover LR, Canada AL, Yuan Y, Sui D, Neese L, Jenkins R, et al. A randomized trial of internet-based versus traditional sexual counseling for couples after localized prostate cancer treatment. Cancer. 2012 Jan 15;118(2):500–9.
  • Semenenko E, Banerjee S, Olver I, Ashinze P. Review of psychological interventions in patients with cancer. Support Care Cancer. 2023 Mar 13;31(4):210.
  • Siegel AL. Pelvic floor muscle training in males: practical applications. Urology. 2014 Jul;84(1):1–7.
  • Solanki AA, Liauw SL. Tobacco use and external beam radiation therapy for prostate cancer: Influence on biochemical control and late toxicity. Cancer. 2013;n/a-n/a.
  • Steinberger E, Kollmeier M, McBride S, Novak C, Pei X, Zelefsky MJ. Cigarette smoking during external beam radiation therapy for prostate cancer is associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer-specific mortality and treatment-related toxicity. BJU Int. 2015 Oct;116(4):596–603.
  • Teleni L, Chan RJ, Chan A, Isenring EA, Vela I, Inder WJ, et al. Exercise improves quality of life in androgen deprivation therapy-treated prostate cancer: systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2016 Jan 2;23(2):101–12.
  • The Christie NHS Foundation Trust. Be active, stay active: A guide for exercising during and after treatment for cancer. [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2024 Aug 16]. Available from: https://www.christie.nhs.uk/media/psigngrp/540-a-guide-to-exercising-be-active-stay-active-feb-2021.pdf
  • Thorsen L, Courneya KS, Stevinson C, Fosså SD. A systematic review of physical activity in prostate cancer survivors: outcomes, prevalence, and determinants. Support Care Cancer. 2008 Feb 15;16(9):987–97.
  • Tran S, Boissier R, Perrin J, Karsenty G, Lechevallier E. Review of the Different Treatments and Management for Prostate Cancer and Fertility. Urology. 2015 Nov;86(5):936–41.
  • Van den Brande R, Cornips EM, Peeters M, Ost P, Billiet C, Van de Kelft E. Epidemiology of spinal metastases, metastatic epidural spinal cord compression and pathologic vertebral compression fractures in patients with solid tumors: A systematic review. J Bone Oncol. 2022 Jul 9;35:100446.
  • von Loew EC, Perabo FG, Siener R, MÜLLER SC. Facts and fiction of phytotherapy for prostate cancer: a critical assessment of preclinical and clinical data. In Vivo. 2007;21(2):189–204.
  • Walker LM, Robinson JW. The Unique Needs of Couples Experiencing Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer. J Sex Marital Ther. 2010 Feb 23;36(2):154–65.
  • Wassersug RJ. Maintaining intimacy for prostate cancer patients on androgen deprivation therapy: Curr Opin Support Palliat Care. 2016 Mar;10(1):55–65.
  • Watts S, Leydon G, Birch B, Prescott P, Lai L, Eardley S, et al. Depression and anxiety in prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence rates. BMJ Open. 2014 Mar 13;4(3):e003901–e003901.
  • Wedlake LJ, Shaw C, Whelan K, Andreyev HJN. Systematic review: the efficacy of nutritional interventions to counteract acute gastrointestinal toxicity during therapeutic pelvic radiotherapy. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2013 Jun;37(11):1046–56.
  • Wolin KY, Luly J, Sutcliffe S, Andriole GL, Kibel AS. Risk of Urinary Incontinence Following Prostatectomy: The Role of Physical Activity and Obesity. J Urol. 2010 Feb;183(2):629–33.
  • World Cancer Research Fund International. Continuous Update Project report: Diet, Nutrition, Physical Activity and Prostate Cancer [Internet]. 2014. Available from: https://www.wcrf.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/prostate-cancer-report.pdf
  • World Cancer Research Fund. World Cancer Research Fund. Diet, nutrition, physical activity and prostate cancer. 2018.
  • World Health Organisation. WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. 2020.
  • Wu LM, Tanenbaum ML, Dijkers MPJM, Amidi A, Hall SJ, Penedo FJ, et al. Cognitive and neurobehavioral symptoms in patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer treated with androgen deprivation therapy or observation: A mixed methods study. Soc Sci Med. 2016 May 1;156:80–9.